MySQL环境搭建

INSTALL_MySQL:

　　所有平台的MySQL下载地址：http://www.mysql.com/downloads。

简单介绍MySQL安装

Linux上安装MySQL的两种方式：源码安装、RPM包安装

（因为是Linux基础知识，就不啰嗦啦）—主要讲述使用rpm包安装MySQL 5.7

MySQL的各RPM包：

　　①MySQL：MySQL服务器

　　②MySQL-client：MySQL客户端程序，用于连接并操作Mysql服务器

　　③MySQL-devel：库和包含文件，若想编译其它MySQL客户端(例如Perl模块)，则需要安装该RPM包

　　④MySQL-shared：包含某些语言和应用程序需要动态装载的共享库(libmysqlclient.so*)

　　⑤MySQL-bench：数据库服务器的基准和性能测试工具

RPM包安装MySQL：

①MySQL官网下载版本tar包，上传到linux系统

　　mysql-5.7.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

②新建/software目录，将tar包mv到该目录下，tar开

　　tar xf mysql-5.7.14-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

③利用yum安装(推荐)

　　yum localinstall /software/*.rpm

④MySQL初始化、配置/etc/my.conf、关闭防火墙和selinux

1、初始化启动MySQL服务：

[root@mysqlserver ~]# service mysqld start

netstat -an |grep :3306

mysql的初始密码在 /var/log/mysqld.log 里面

A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: a?tMa%FsE7a. 密码

vim /etc/my.cnf 添加：validate_password=off

[root@mysqlserver ~]# service mysqld restart

用初始密码登录进去之后：set password=password(‘123’);

如果安装的是5.6版本的MySQL，在安装成功后，默认的root用户密码为空，命令行创建root用户的密码：

[root@mysqlserver ~]# mysqladmin -u root password 123

2、连接到MySQL服务器：

<span style="font-size: 16px;">[root@mysqlserver ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1);">var</span>/lib/mysql/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">mysql.sock
Enter password：</span>***<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">
mysql</span>><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);"> status　　<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1);">查看数据库状态
</span></span>--------------<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">
mysql Ver </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">14.14</span> Distrib <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">5.7</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">14</span>, <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1);">for</span> Linux (x86_64) <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1);">using</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);"> EditLine wrapper

Connection id:    </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">13</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">
Current database:    db1
Current user:    root@localhost
SSL:    Not </span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1);">in</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);"> use
Current pager:    stdout
Using outfile:    </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1);">''</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">
Using delimiter:    ;
Server version:    </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">5.7</span>.<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">14</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);"> Source distribution
Protocol version:    </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">10</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">
Connection:    Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:    latin1
Db characterset:    latin1
Client characterset:    utf8
Conn. characterset:    utf8
UNIX socket:    </span>/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1);">var</span>/lib/mysql/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">mysql.sock
Uptime:    </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">2</span> days <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">13</span> hours <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">25</span> min <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">42</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);"> sec

Threads: </span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">2</span> Questions: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">10793065</span> Slow queries: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">0</span> Opens: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">646</span> Flush tables: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">1</span> Open tables: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">426</span> Queries per second avg: <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">48.806</span>
--------------<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">

mysql</span>><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);"> show databases;
</span>+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">4</span> rows <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1);">in</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1);">set</span> (<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">0.04</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);"> sec)

mysql</span>><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);"> quit　　<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1);">退出MySQL</span>
Bye
[root@mysqlserver </span>~]#</span>

[root@mysqlserver ~]# mysql -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

Enter password：***

mysql> status　　查看数据库状态

--------------

mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.14, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper

Connection id: 13

Current database: db1

Current user: root@localhost

SSL: Not in use

Current pager: stdout

Using outfile: ''

Using delimiter: ;

Server version: 5.7.14 Source distribution

Protocol version: 10

Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket

Server characterset: latin1

Db characterset: latin1

Client characterset: utf8

Conn. characterset: utf8

UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

Uptime: 2 days 13 hours 25 min 42 sec

Threads: 2 Questions: 10793065 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 646 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 426 Queries per second avg: 48.806

--------------

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.04 sec)

mysql> quit　　退出MySQL

Bye

[root@mysqlserver ~]#

3、MySQL的配置文件/etc/my.cnf

[<span style="font-size: 16px;">root@mysqlserver ~]# cat <span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1);">/etc/</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);"><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1);">my.cnf</span>
[mysqld]
datadir</span>=/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">mydata
socket</span>=/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1);">var</span>/lib/mysql/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">mysql.sock
symbolic</span>-links=<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 128, 1);">0</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">

[mysqld_safe]
log</span>-error=/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 1);">var</span>/log/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">mysqld.log
pid</span>-file=/mydata/<span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);">mysqld.pid
[root@mysqlserver </span>~]#<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei'; line-height: 1.5; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1);">
</span></span>

[root@mysqlserver ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/mydata

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/mydata/mysqld.pid

[root@mysqlserver ~]#

注意：MySQL在windows的配置文件是my.ini

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